Whether the world comes to you or you go out to it, the greatest compliment you can pay your international clients is to learn about their country and their customs. Understand differences in behavior and honor them with your actions. Don’t take offense when visitors behave according to their norms. People from other cultures will appreciate your efforts to accommodate them and you will find yourself building your international clientele. By way of conclusion we can state that etiquette helps maintain good relations with people. When dealing with people from a shared culture, everyone knows the rules and there is not much to think about. Those that lack etiquette are branded as uncouth and rude. However, this is not the same when working on the international stage. Someone may very well come across as being rude through a lack of etiquette but this may be because in their culture that behaviour is normal.
Dressing conservatively
Americans like to dress for fashion and comfort, but people from other parts of the world are generally more conservative – except in scandinavian countries. Your choice of business attire is a signal of your respect for the other person or organization. Leave your trendy clothes in the closet on the days that you meet with your foreign guests.
Handshakes
With a few exceptions, business people around the world use the handshake for meeting and greeting. However, the American style handshake with a firm grip, two quick pumps, eye contact and a smile is not universal. Variations in handshakes are based on cultural differences, not on personality or values. The Japanese, Africans and Arab give a light handshake (in Arab countries never to women). Germans offer a firm shake with one pump, and the French grip is light with a quick pump. Middle Eastern people will continue shaking your hand throughout the greeting. Don’t be surprised if you are occasionally met with a kiss, a hug, or a bow somewhere along the way.
The physical connection you make when shaking hands with someone can leave a powerful impression. When someone’s handshake is unpleasant in any way, we often associate negative character traits with that person. A firm handshake made with direct eye contact sets the stage for a positive encounter.
Women take note: To avoid any confusion during an introduction, always extend your hand when greeting someone (except in Arab countries). Remember, men and women are equals in the workplace.
Observe the hierarchy
It is not always a simple matter to know who is the highest-ranking member when you are dealing with a group. To avoid embarrassment, look on the side of age and masculine gender, only if you are unable to discover the protocol with research. If you are interacting with the Japanese, it is important to understand that they make decisions by consensus, starting with the younger members of the group. By contrast, Latin people have a clear hierarchy that defers to age.
Using titles and correct forms of address
In the US business people are very informal and are quick to call people by their first name. Approach first names with caution when dealing with people from other cultures. Use titles and last names until you have been invited to use the person’s first name. In some cases, this may never occur. Use of first names is reserved for family and close friends in some cultures.
Titles are given more significance around the world than in the United States and are another important aspect of addressing business people. Earned academic degrees are acknowledged. For example, a German Professor is addressed as „Herr Professor Müller“. Listen carefully when you are introduced to someone and pay attention to business cards when you receive them.
Exchanging business cards
The key to giving out business cards in any culture is to show respect for the other person. For example in the Arab world you would never give or receive a business card with your left hand. In addition it is always good etiquette to examine the card and make a positive comment on it.Present your card so that the other person does not have to turn it over to read your information. Use both hands to present your card to visitors from Japan, China, Singapore, or Hong Kong. When you receive someone else’s business card, always look at it and acknowledge it. When you put it away, place it carefully in your card case or with your business documents. Sticking it haphazardly in your pocket is demeaning to the giver. In most cases, wait until you have been introduced to give someone your card.
Valuing time
Not everyone in the world is as time conscious as Americans. Don’t take it personally if someone from a more relaxed culture keeps you waiting or spends more of that commodity than you normally would in meetings or over meals. Stick to the rules of punctuality, but be understanding when your contact from another country seems unconcerned. Especially business people from Latin America, Asia, Africa, Arab Countries need lots of time. Personal communication and networking is extremely important.
Honoring space issues
Americans have a particular value for their own physical space and are uncomfortable when other people get in their realm. If the international visitor seems to want to be close, accept it. Backing away can send the wrong message. In the Middle East you may get very touchy-feely with the men, yet one should never touch a woman. A slap on the back may be OK in Mexico but in China it is a serious no-no. Touch someone on the head in Thailand or Indonesia and you would have caused great insult. You shouldn’t risk violating someone else’s space by touching them in any way other than with a handshake.
The Etiquette of Gift Giving:
Many countries such as China and Japan have many etiquette rules surrounding the exchange of business gifts. Great examples of gifts to avoid are anything alcoholic in Muslim countries, anything with four of anything in Japan and clocks in China.
The Etiquette of Communication:
Some cultures like to talk loudly (US and Germany), some softly (India and China); some speak directly (Holland and Denmark) others indirectly (UK and Japan); some tolerate interrupting others while speaking (Brazil) others not (Canada); some are very blunt (Greece) and some very flowery (Middle East). All will believe the way they are communicating is fine, but when transferred into an international context this no longer applies.
Introductions
The proper way to make an introduction is to introduce a lower-ranking person to a higher-ranking person. For example, if your CEO is Mrs. Jones and you are introducing administrative assistant Jane Smith to her, the correct introduction would be „Mrs. Jones, I’d like you to meet Jane Smith.“ If you forget a person’s name while making an introduction, don’t panic. Proceed with the introduction with a statement such as, „I’m sorry, your name has just slipped my mind.“ Omitting an introduction is a bigger faux pas than salvaging a botched introduction.
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